Prepositions aur Prepositional Phrases
Prepositions aur prepositional phrases English grammar ka important part hain. Yeh nouns ya pronouns ke saath specific details dikhate hain aur bataate hain ki koi cheez doosri cheez ke saath kaise relate karti hai.
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Common Prepositions
Prepositions woh words hote hain jo noun/pronoun ke aur kisi doosre word ke beech ka relation dikhate hain, jaise jagah (place), time (time), ya direction.
Common Prepositions: at, on, in, by, with, from, to, of, for
1. At:
- Specific place, time, aur position dikhane ke liye.
Examples:
- I am at the door.
- Main darwaze par hoon.
- She will meet us at 5 PM. P
- Woh humein 5 baje milegi.)
2. On:
- Surfaces ya specific days ke liye.
Examples:
- The book is on the table.
- Kitab table par hai.
- I will see you on Monday.
- Main tumse Monday ko milunga.)
3. In:
- Enclosed places, cities, countries, aur times like months, years ke liye.
Examples:
- He lives in New York.
- Woh New York mein rehta hai.
- My birthday is in June.
- Mera birthday June mein hai.
4. By:
- Koi kaam kis ke dwara / zariye kiya gaya hai ya proximity dikhane ke liye.
Examples:
- The letter was written by Sarah.
- Yeh letter Sarah ne likha tha.
- The park is by the river.
- Park nadi ke paas hai.
Prepositional Phrases
Prepositional phrases: preposition aur noun/pronoun ka group hota hai jo sentence mein extra information add karta hai. Yeh bataate hain ki koi action ya cheez kahaan ho rahi hai, kab ho rahi hai, ya kis tarah ho rahi hai.
Structure: Preposition + Noun/Pronoun (aur kabhi kabhi article bhi, jaise "a" ya "the")
Example:
- in the garden
Yahaan "in" preposition hai aur "the garden" uska noun phrase hai jo bata raha hai ki cheez kahaan ho rahi hai.
Common Types of Prepositional Phrases:
1. Place (Jagah)
Prepositional phrases jagah dikhate hain.
Examples:
- The cat is under the table.
- Billi table ke neeche hai.
- They sat beside the lake.
- Woh lake ke paas baithe.
2. Time (Samay)
Yeh time specify karte hain.
Examples:
- We will leave in the morning.
- Hum subah mein niklenge.
- The meeting is at 3 PM.
- Meeting 3 PM par hai.
3. Direction (Disha)
Direction batane ke liye bhi prepositional phrases ka use hota hai.
Examples:
- She walked towards the park.
- Woh park ki taraf chali.
- They moved through the crowd.
- Woh bheed ke beech se chale.
4. Reason or Purpose
Koi action kis wajah se ho raha hai yeh batane ke liye.
Examples:
- I came for the meeting.
- Main meeting ke liye aaya.
- He left because of the storm.
- Woh storm ki wajah se gaya.
5. Manner (Tarika)
Koi kaam kis tarah ho raha hai yeh dikhane ke liye.
Examples:
- She spoke with confidence.
- Usne confidence ke saath bola.
- They worked with dedication.
- Unhone dedication ke saath kaam kiya.
Examples of Sentences with Prepositional Phrases
1. In a Place
- She is sitting in the garden.
- Woh garden mein baithi hai.
- The dog is hiding under the bed.
- Dog bed ke neeche chhupa hai.
2. In Time
- We will start after lunch.
- Hum lunch ke baad shuru karenge.
- They arrived before sunset.
- Woh sunset se pehle pohonche.
3. With Direction
- He ran towards the exit.
- Woh exit ki taraf dauda.
- She looked out of the window.
- Usne window ke bahar dekha.
4. Reason
- They moved because of the noise.
- Woh noise ki wajah se chale gaye.
- He waited for her answer.
- Usne uske jawab ka intezaar kiya.
5. Manner
- She danced with joy.
- Usne khushi ke saath dance kiya.
- He spoke in a loud voice.
- Usne zor se bola.
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