Articles (The, A, An)

 Articles

Definite Article - "The"

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"The" ek definite article hai jo specific nouns ke liye use hota hai.

Agar hum kisi particular person, place, thing ya idea ke baare mein baat kar rahe hain, toh hum "the" use karte hain.

Examples:

• The sun rises in the east.
• Suraj east mein nikalta hai.

Yahaan "the sun" aur "the east" specific / khaas cheezen hain (sun aur east universal aur definite hain).

• I read the book you gave me.
• Jo kitaab tumne mujhe di me padh raha hoon.

Yahaan "the book" uss specific book ko refer karta hai jo kisi ne di thi.

• The Taj Mahal is beautiful.
• Taj Mahal khubsurat hai.

"The Taj Mahal" ek unique aur specific jagah ko refer karta hai, isliye hum "the" use karte hain.

Indefinite Articles - "A" aur "An"

"A" aur "An" indefinite articles hain jo general nouns ya unspecified items ke liye use hote hain.

• "A" tab use hota hai jab noun ka first sound consonant ho (jaise "b", "c", "d").

• "An" tab use hota hai jab noun ka first sound vowel ho (jaise "a", "e", "i", "o", "u").

Examples:

• She has a cat.
• Uske paas ek billi hai.

Yahaan "a cat" kisi bhi general / aam cat ke liye use ho raha hai, specific nahi hai.

• I saw an elephant in the zoo.
• Mene zoo mein ek haathi dekha.

"An elephant" yahan kisi bhi general / aam elephant ko indicate kar raha hai, aur "elephant" vowel sound se start hota hai, isliye hum "an" use karte hain.

• He needs a pen to write.
• Use likhne ke liye pen chahiye.

"A pen" kisi bhi general / aam pen ko refer karta hai, specific nahi hai ke kaunsa pen chahiye.

- - Usage Rules for "A" and "An" - -

Agar noun singular countable hai aur specific nahi hai, toh "a" ya "an" lagta hai.

- - "A" use hota hai consonant sound ke liye:

Examples: 

• a book, a car, a dog

- - "An" use hota hai vowel sound ke liye:

Examples: 

• an apple, an hour, an honest man

Special cases: Jab word ka first letter consonant hai lekin sound vowel hai, tab "an" lagta hai (jaise "hour" mein "h" silent hai, toh "an hour" bolte hain).

When to Omit Articles (Jab Articles Use Nahin Karte)

Proper Nouns: Proper nouns ke saath articles nahi lagte kyunki woh already specific hote hain.

Examples: 

• India is a beautiful country.
• India beautiful country hai.

(Yahaan "India" ek proper noun hai, toh "the" nahi lagta)

Plural Nouns: General plural nouns ke saath articles zaroori nahi hote, jab hum kisi specific group ko indicate nahi kar rahe ho.

Examples: 

• Dogs are friendly animals.
• Dogs friendly animals hein.

(Yahaan "dogs" general plural hai, toh article nahi hai)

Abstract Nouns: Abstract ideas ya concepts ke saath article zaroori nahi hota jab woh general sense mein use ho.

Examples: 

• Happiness is important.
• Khushi zaruri hai.

(Yahaan "happiness" ek general concept hai)

Languages, Subjects aur Meals: In cases mein bhi articles nahi lagte.

Examples: 

• He speaks French.
• Woh French bolta hai.

("French" language hai, isliye article nahi)

• We study mathematics.
• Woh mathmatics padhta hai.

("Mathematics" ek subject hai)

• She has lunch at 1 pm.
• Woh 1 baje lunch krti hai.

(Meals ke saath article nahi lagta)

Special Cases (Khaas Situations)

Kuch words ke saath hum specific context mein articles use karte hain.

Examples:

• The United States

(Kuch country names ke saath "the" lagta hai, jaise "The United Kingdom," "The Netherlands")

• The Himalayas

(Mountain ranges ke liye hum "the" lagate hain)

• The Pacific Ocean

(Oceans aur rivers ke liye bhi "the" lagta hai, jaise "The Ganges," "The Nile")

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