Who Vs Which
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Who vs Which ek aam grammar topic hai English mein, kyunki dono hi relative pronouns hain, lekin alag-alag context mein istemal hote hain. Yahaan har aspect ko detail mein samajhaya gaya hai.
1. Basic Definitions aur Use
Who: Ek relative pronoun hai jo sirf logon ke liye istemal hota hai. Ye kisi vyakti (Shakhs) ya specific person ko refer karta hai.
Which: Ye ek relative pronoun hai jo cheezon, jaanwaron, aur ideas ke liye istemal hota hai.
Examples:
Who:
- The girl who won the race is my friend.
- Woh ladki jisne race jeeti hai, woh meri dost hai.
Which:
- The book which I borrowed is very interesting.
- Woh kitab jo maine udhaar li thi, bahut dilchasp hai.
2. Using "Who" in Detail
As a Subject Pronoun: "Who" ek clause ka subject ban sakta hai aur action karta hai.
Example:
- The man who is speaking is my father.
- Woh aadmi jo bol raha hai, mere pita hain.
Possessive Form ("Whose"): Jab kisi cheez ka relation kisi ke saath dikhana ho.
Example:
- The girl whose brother is a doctor is my friend.
- Woh ladki jiske bhai doctor hain, meri dost hai.
3. Using "Which" in Detail
Cheezon aur Jaanwaron ke Liye: "Which" ka use cheezon, jaanwaron, aur ideas ko refer karne ke liye hota hai.
Example:
- The car which is parked outside is mine.
- Woh gaadi jo bahar khadi hai, meri hai.
Extra Information Jodna (Non-Defining Clauses): "Which" aksar aise information add karta hai jo sentence ke meaning ke liye essential nahi hota. Isko non-defining relative clauses kehte hain aur commas se alag kiya jata hai.
Example:
- My house, which has a big garden, is very peaceful.
- Mera ghar, jisme bada garden hai, bahut shaant hai.
4. Relative Clauses: Defining vs Non-Defining
Defining Relative Clauses (Bina Commas ke): Yeh subject ke baare mein zaroori jaankari dete hain.
Who:
- The person who called you is waiting.
- Woh vyakti jisne tumhe phone kiya, intezaar kar raha hai.
Which:
- The movie which we watched was amazing.
- Woh film jo humne dekhi thi, shaandaar thi.
Non-Defining Relative Clauses (Commas ke saath): Yeh extra information dete hain jo sentence ke meaning ke liye zaroori nahi hoti aur commas se alag kiya jata hai.
Who:
- Mr. Sharma, who is our teacher, is very strict.
- Shri Sharma, jo hamare teacher hain, bahut sakht hain.
Which:
- Our house, which was built in 1990, is very strong.
- Hamara ghar, jo 1990 mein bana tha, bahut majboot hai.
5. Common Errors
Using "Who" for Things: "Who" sirf logon ke liye istemal hota hai, cheezon ya jaanwaron ke liye nahi.
Incorrect:
- The book who is on the table is mine.
- Table par rakhi kitab jo meri hai.
Correct:
- The book which is on the table is mine.
- Woh kitab jo table par rakhi hai, meri hai.
Using "Which" for People: "Which" sirf cheezon aur jaanwaron ke liye hota hai, logon ke liye nahi.
Incorrect:
- The man which helped me is kind.
- Woh aadmi jo meri madad kiya, dayalu hai
Correct:
- The man who helped me is kind.
- Woh aadmi jinhone meri madad ki thi, dayalu hain.
Key Takeaways:
- - Sirf logon ke liye 'who' ka istemal karein.
- - Cheezon, jaanwaron, ya ideas ke liye 'which' ka istemal karein.
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