Difference Between Say and Tell ?

 Say Vs Tell

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1. Basic Meaning aur Usage

Say (bolna): Yeh tab use kiya jata hai jab humein bas bolne ka process ya words ko report karna ho. "Say" main zyada focus us cheez par hota hai jo kaha ja raha hai, na ki kis-se kaha ja raha hai.

Tell (batana): Yeh tab use kiya jata hai jab hum directly kisi ko information dete hain. "Tell" usually focus karta hai un par jo sun rahe hain (jise kaha ja raha hai).

Examples:

• Say: He said he was tired.
• Usne kaha ki woh thaka hua tha.

• Tell: She told me she was tired.
• Usne mujhe bataya ki woh thaki hui thi.

2. Grammatical Structure

Say usually words spoken ya phir clause (kya kaha gaya hai) ke saath aata hai.

Tell generally listener yaani jo sun raha hai (object) ke saath aata hai.

Examples:

• Say: He said, “I’ll be late.”
• Usne kaha, “Main der se aaunga.”

• Tell: He told me that he would be late.
• Usne mujhe bataya ki woh der se aayega.

3. Direct aur Indirect Speech

Say ke saath hum kisi ke words directly quote kar sakte hain ya indirect speech mein use kar sakte hain.

Tell usually indirect speech mein use hota hai jab directly kisi ko information di ja rahi ho.

Examples:

• Direct with Say: He said, “I’ll be late.”
• Usne kaha, “Main der se aaunga.”

• Indirect with Tell: He told me that he would be late.
• Usne mujhe bataya ki woh der se aayega.

4. Common Collocations

Kuch phrases aur expressions hote hain jo sirf say ya tell ke saath commonly aate hain.

Say: 

say hello, say goodbye, say a prayer, say something/nothing, say sorry

Tell: 

tell a story, tell a joke, tell the truth, tell a lie, tell secrets, tell someone’s name

Examples:

• He said hello to everyone.
• Usne sabko hello kaha.

• Please tell me a story.
• Please mujhe ek kahani sunao.

5. Using Objects (Person Being Spoken To)

Say mein object (listener) hamesha zaroori nahi hota.

Tell mein object usually zaroori hota hai (jo sun raha hai).

Examples:

• Say (No Object): She said, “I’m coming tomorrow.”
• Usne kaha, “Main kal aa rahi hoon.”

• Tell (With Object): She told her friend that she’s coming tomorrow.
• Usne apni dost ko bataya ki woh kal aa rahi hai.

6. Past Tense aur Form Usage

Say ka past tense said hota hai.

Tell ka past tense told hota hai.

Examples:

• He said he would arrive at 5.
• Usne kaha ki woh 5 baje aayega.

• She told me about her new job.
• Usne mujhe apne naye kaam ke baare mein bataya.

7. Additional Expressions with Say and Tell

Say: 

say yes/no, say goodbye, say nothing

Tell: 

tell the difference, tell time, tell apart

Examples:

• Say goodbye before leaving.
• Jaane se pehle alvida keh do.

• Can you tell the difference between these two?
• Kya tum in dono ke beech ka antar / difference bata sakte ho?

8. Practice Tips

Yaad rakhein ki say zyada focus karta hai information ya bolne ki process par.

Tell mein hamesha listener yaani jo sun raha hai, unka role important hai.

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