Difference Between Can and Could ?

 Can Vs Could

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1. Expressing Ability (Ability / Qabiliyat dikhana)

Can: Ye present ability dikhata hai.

Example: 

• I can swim.
• Main tair sakta hoon. (Abhi tairne ki ability hai)

Could: Ye past ability dikhata hai.

Example: 

• I could swim when I was young.
• Jab main chhota tha tab main tair sakta tha." (Pehle ki ability, lekin ab nahin)

2. Making Requests (Request karna)

Can: Casual, informal tareeke se request karne ke liye use hota hai.

Example: 

• Can you help me?
• Kya tum meri madad kar sakte ho?

Could: Ye polite aur formal tareeke se request karne ke liye use hota hai.

Example: 

• Could you help me?
• Kya aap meri madad kar sakte hain?

3. Permission (Ijazat lena ya dena)

Can: Casual ya informal tareeke se permission lena ya dena.

Example: 

• Can I go out?
• Kya main bahar ja sakta hoon?

Could: Formal aur polite tareeke se permission lena ya dena.

Example: 

• Could I leave early today?
• Kya main aaj jaldi ja sakta hoon?

4. Possibility (Sambhavana / Imkaan)

Can: Strong possibility ya general truth ke liye use hota hai.

Example:

• It can get very cold in winter.
• Sardiyon mein bahut thand ho sakti hai.

(Ye ek aam baat hai jo sahi ho sakti hai)

Could: Weaker ya uncertain possibility ke liye use hota hai.

Example: 

• It could rain tomorrow.
• Kal baarish ho sakti hai.

(Ye ek uncertain possibility hai yaani pakka yaqeen nahi he)

5. Conditional Statements (Sharton mein use)

Can: Real conditional sentences mein, possible situations ke liye use hota hai.

Example: 

• If you practice, you can improve.
• Agar tum abhyas karoge toh tum sudhar sakte ho.

Could: Hypothetical ya imaginary conditional sentences ke liye use hota hai.

Example: 

• If I had more time, I could travel the world.
• Agar mere paas zyada samay hota toh main duniya ghoom sakta tha.

6. Expressing Suggestions (Sujhav dena)

Can: Practical suggestions dene ke liye use hota hai.

Example: 

• You can try studying a bit every day.
• Tum roj thoda padhai karne ki koshish kar sakte ho.

Could: Polite ya alternative suggestions dene ke liye use hota hai.

Example: 

• You could try a different approach.
• Tum ek alag tareeka apna sakte ho.

7. Indirect Speech (Paroksh baaton mein prayog)

Can: Direct statements ya questions mein use hota hai, par indirect speech mein "could" ban jaata hai.

Direct Speech: 

• He said, "I can come tomorrow."
• Usne kaha, "Main kal aa sakta hoon.

Indirect Speech: 

• He said he could come tomorrow.
• Usne kaha ki wo kal aa sakta tha.

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